Abstract: The objective of this review is to explore the various aesthetic designs currently available in removable partial dentures (RPD) and discuss their clinical applications. Removable partial dentures are the widely accepted treatment of choice for most cases as it is both effective and affordable. Partially edentulous treatment planning includes both aesthetics and providing masticatory function. A prosthesis that is highly aesthetic will improve patient's motivation and acceptance. It is a wrong notion to expect that patients will tolerate unesthetic partial dentures because good masticatory capability has been achieved. Aesthetics plays a vital role in the success of partial dentures, and the length and mobility of the patient's lips play a significant role in achieving it. Patients with short lips or highly mobile lips pose problems as aesthetics are compromised because most clasp arms, denture borders, and other components will show when the patient smiles or speaks. RPDs can easily look artificial; hence, special emphasis should aim towards restoring function, phonetics, aesthetics with long-term benefits which require meticulous attention during fabrication. If the main reason for seeking treatment is the need for improved aesthetics, treatment should be geared towards achieving this goal. This article is the result of a literature study on Google Scholar with no publication year limit on aesthetic clasp design for the conventional RPD. In this context, the position of the clasp on the tooth, clasp types, clasp material and alternative methods of retention are reviewed.

Abstract: Early intervention of skeletal Class III malocclusion in a growing child through application of orthopaedic forces is crucial as it can prevent future surgical procedures and avoid the detrimental effects produced by the facial deformity on the patient's social life. This intervention mostly relies on protraction of maxilla whose growth ceases earlier than mandible, in the pre-adolescent period that signifies the importance of early treatment. This case report describes the treatment of a child aged 9 years 6 months who had a skeletal Class III malocclusion. The treatment plan involved the use of bonded Hyrax with Alt-RAMEC protocol and reverse pull headgear (facemask) followed by comprehensive fixed mechanotherapy resulting in successful correction of the malocclusion. The treatment results were highly satisfactory achieving improved facial esthetics, skeletal Class I relationship, Class I molar and canine relationship, an ideal overjet and overbite. Thus, orthopaedic therapy, if done in properly selected cases, alleviates the need for surgical intervention.

Abstract: Crowding is one of the most common problems in orthodontics. The problem worsens if it associated with deep bite. Several treatment modalities are available for deep bite correction. Intrusion arch is one of them. A 16 years male patient reported to the Dept of Orthodontics with chief complaints of irregular teeth. On examination it was found that the patient had crowding associated with deep bite. The case has been treated with intrusion arch and fixed mechanotherapy after extraction of all first premolars. It took almost 18 months to complete the case. After treatment deep bite and crowding was corrected. Smile was improved.

Abstract: This case report presents the management of a traumatized immature permanent maxillary central incisor by performing vital pulp therapy with mineral trioxide aggregate as the pulpotomy agent. Satisfactory results were determined over the parameters such as increase in root length, formation of dentinal bridge, absence of periapical radiolucency, intact lamina dura, all of which confirmed with radiographs during regular follow-ups till 9 months. Hence MTA pulpotomy thus performed can be considered as successful and considered as a viable treatment plan for future cases.

Abstract: Probiotics are living non pathogenic micro organisms that are involved in improving the health of the Gastrointestinal tract of the host body. In recent times, prebiotics and probiotics have shown to effectively alter the host microbial interface by achieving homeostasis and develop a natural balance of the microbial flora in the respiratory tract and the oral cavity. Prebiotics are non digestible food ingredients which help in increasing population of probiotic bacteria. Studies have suggested reduction of dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, halitosis bacteria linked to the use of probiotics. They act by reducing the amount of harmful oral bacteria by means of utilizing abundant health associated oral microbial species. Additionally, nitrate reducing bacteria have shown promising effect in improving efficacy of probiotic strains to accentuate oral health benefits. The aim of this review is to collate the existing information available on use of probiotics and prebiotic in oral cavity.

Abstract: Treatment for anterior teeth with subgingival fractures is complex, considering the biologic, functional, and aesthetic considerations. The treatment of a maxillary right central incisor with a complicated crown root fracture is covered in this case. The procedure was complicated; thus, an interdisciplinary approach was taken to restore the tooth. Fracture fragment was reattached with reinforcement from a 22-gauge stainless steel wire, made into a J hook. Endodontic treatment was done. The fracture line was exposed above the alveolar bone using orthodontic extrusion, followed by gingival margin recontouring. The tooth was reinforced with fiber post and core followed by a full coverage acrylic jacket crown. Good aesthetics and stable periodontal health were the outcomes of the treatment.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Robotics have ushered in the era of disruption that would revolutionize the face of treatment planning and spearhead a precise programmed outcome. For the drilling and installation of the implant, the Static-Computer Assisted Implant Surgery technique used a surgical implant guide supported by teeth, bone or mucosa whereas the Dynamic-Computer Assisted Implant Surgery devices follow the drills and implants in real-time using an optical marker. METHOD: Neocis (USA), patented the first robot assisted implant, YOMI in 2017. In 2021, an autonomous robot-assisted surgery system, 'Remebot' was introduced by Baihui Weikang Technology (China). Literature search was done for studies that were conducted including these two systems. A comparative evaluation of the means of the global coronal deviation, global apical deviation and angular deviation was articulated in this study. RESULT: For Autonomous robotic implantology the means of the global coronal deviation, global apical deviation and angular deviation were 0.59±0.24 mm, 0.61±0.23 mm and 0.89±0.38 degrees respectively, whereas for dynamic assisted implantology the means were 1.04±0.7 mm, 0.95±0.73 mm, 2.56±1.48 degree respectively. CONCLUSION: Robot-assisted implant surgical devices can pave the way for precise, minimally invasive patient-specific operations in dental implant surgery.